Athens (/ˈæθᵻnz/;[2] Modern Greek: Αθήνα, Athína [aˈθina] (
listen), Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι Athēnai), is the capital and largest city ofGreece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning around 3,400 years, and the earliest human presence started somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.[3] Classical Athens was a powerful city-statethat emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home ofPlato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum,[4][5] it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy,[6][7]largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent and in particular the Romans.[8] In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2015, Athens was ranked the world's 29th richest city by purchasing power[9] and the 67th most expensive[10] in a UBS study.
listen), Ancient Greek: Ἀθῆναι Athēnai), is the capital and largest city ofGreece. Athens dominates the Attica region and is one of the world's oldest cities, with its recorded history spanning around 3,400 years, and the earliest human presence started somewhere between the 11th and 7th millennium BC.[3] Classical Athens was a powerful city-statethat emerged in conjunction with the seagoing development of the port of Piraeus. A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home ofPlato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum,[4][5] it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy,[6][7]largely because of its cultural and political impact on the European continent and in particular the Romans.[8] In modern times, Athens is a large cosmopolitan metropolis and central to economic, financial, industrial, maritime, political and cultural life in Greece. In 2015, Athens was ranked the world's 29th richest city by purchasing power[9] and the 67th most expensive[10] in a UBS study.
Athens is recognised as a global city because of its geo-strategic location and its importance in shipping, finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, culture, education and tourism. It is one of the biggest economic centres in southeastern Europe, with a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is the largest passenger port in Europe,[11][12][13][14] and the second largest in the world.[15]The municipality (City) of Athens had a population of 664,046 (in 2011,[1] 796,442 in 2004)[16] within its administrative limits, and a land area of 39 km2 (15 sq mi).[17] The urban area of Athens (Greater Athens and Greater Piraeus) extends beyond its administrative municipal city limits, with a population of 3,090,508 (in 2011)[18] over an area of 412 km2 (159 sq mi).[17] According to Eurostat in 2004, the Athens Larger Urban Zone (LUZ) was the 7th most populous LUZ in the European Union (the 5th most populous capital city of the EU), with a population of 4,013,368. Athens is also the southernmost capital on the European mainland.
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